Sistema de lavagem de carcaças e controle de Salmonella spp. em abatedouros de frangos de corte / Carcass washing system and Salmonella spp. control in poultry slaughterhouses

Avaliaram-se os dados do controle e monitoramento de Salmonella em carcaças de frangos de corte, antes e após a implantação do sistema de lavagem de carcaças. Foram amostradas 2692 carcaças antes da instalação do sistema e 1940 após a instalação, totalizando 4632 amostras em cinco abatedouros sob Inspeção Federal, no sul do Brasil. Anteriormente à instalação dos lavadores, obtiveram-se 156 resultados positivos para Salmonella spp. e, após a instalação, 83 resultados positivos, com diferença significativa (P<0,05/OR 1,4) entre os resultados gerais. Em dois dos cinco abatedouros avaliados, houve redução na positividade para Salmonella spp. nas carcaças amostradas após a instalação do lavador. Entretanto, em três estabelecimentos não houve diferença significativa após a instalação desse sistema. Os resultados sugerem que o aumento da vazão da água está relacionado com a redução da contaminação, enquanto o aumento da pressão de água do sistema de lavagem não foi suficiente para reduzir o patógeno nas carcaças amostradas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o sistema de lavagem tem vantagens do ponto de vista operacional, ao evitar os desperdícios atribuídos à prática do refile, porém não elimina o risco da presença de Salmonella na carcaça de frango.(AU)

Data of the Control and Monitoring of Salmonella in broiler carcasses were evaluated before and after the implementation of a carcass washing system. A total of 2692 carcasses prior to system installation and 1940 after installation were sampled, totaling 4632 samples in five slaughterhouses under Federal Inspection in southern Brazil. Prior to installation of the washers, 156 carcasses were positive for Salmonella spp. and after installation, 83 carcasses tested positive, with a significant difference (P <0.05/OR 1.4) on the overall results. Two of the five evaluated slaughterhouses showed a prevalence decrease of Salmonella spp. in the sampled carcasses after installing the washer. However, in three establishments, there was no significant difference after installing this system. The results suggest that the increase of the water flow is related to the reduction of the contamination, while the increase of the water pressure of the washing system was not enough to reduce the pathogen in the sampled carcasses. The results show operational results since the washing system avoids the trimming of some carcasses, but doesn't eliminate the risk of Salmonella.(AU)

Risk assessment of the introduction of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza as a tool to be applied in prevention strategy plan.

Risks of the introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 through migratory birds to the main wintering site for wild birds in southern Brazil and its consequences were assessed. Likelihoods were estimated by a qualitative scale ranging from negligible to high. Northern migrants that breed in Alaska and regularly migrate to South America (primary Charadriiformes) can have contact with birds from affected areas in Asia. The likelihood of the introduction of HPAI H5N1 through migratory birds was found to be very low as it is a probability conditioned to successful transmission in breeding areas and the probabilities of an infected bird migrating and shedding the virus as far as southern Brazil. The probability of wild species becoming exposed to H5N1-infected birds is high as they nest with northern migrants from Alaska, whereas for backyard poultry it is moderate to high depending on proximity to wetlands and the presence of species that could increase the likelihood of contact with wild birds such as domestic duck. The magnitude of the biological and economic consequences of successful transmission to poultry or wild birds would be low to severe depending on the probability of the occurrence of outbreak scenarios described. As a result, the risk estimate is greater than negligible, and HPAI H5N1 prevention strategy in the region should always be carefully considered by the veterinary services in Brazil.